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How do I implement Ord for a struct?

Submitted by: @import:stackoverflow-api··
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howstructforordimplement

Problem

I've seen a question similar to this one, but no one that tells me exactly how to implement Ord for a struct. For example, the following:

struct SomeNum {
    name: String,
    value: u32,
}

impl Ord for SomeNum {
    fn cmp(&self, other:&Self) -> Ordering {
        let size1 = self.value;
        let size2 = other.value;
        if size1 > size2 {
            Ordering::Less
        }
        if size1 < size2 {
            Ordering::Greater
        }
        Ordering::Equal
    }
}


This gives me the error:

error: the trait `core::cmp::Eq` is not implemented for the type `SomeNum` [E0277]


How would I fix this? I have tried changing the implementation to:

impl Ord for SomeNum where SomeNum: PartialOrd + PartialEq + Eq {...}


and adding the appropriate partial_cmp and eq functions but it gives me the error that both those methods are not a member of Ord.

Solution

The definition of Ord is this:
pub trait Ord: Eq + PartialOrd {
fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering;
}


Any type that implements Ord must also implement Eq and PartialOrd. You must implement these traits for SomeNum.

Incidentally, your implementation looks like being the wrong way round; if self.value is all you are comparing, self.value > other.value should be Greater, not Less.

You can use the Ord implementation on u32 to assist, should you desire it: self.value.cmp(other.value).

You should also take into account that Ord is a total ordering. If your PartialEq implementation, for example, takes name into consideration, your Ord implementation must also. It might be well to use a tuple for convenience (indicating that the most important field in the comparison is value, but that if they are the same, name should be taken into account), something like this:
struct SomeNum {
name: String,
value: u32,
}

impl Ord for SomeNum {
fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
(self.value, &self.name).cmp(&(other.value, &other.name))
}
}

impl PartialOrd for SomeNum {
fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option {
Some(self.cmp(other))
}
}

impl PartialEq for SomeNum {
fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
(self.value, &self.name) == (other.value, &other.name)
}
}

impl Eq for SomeNum { }


If you’re doing it like this, you might as well reorder the fields and use #[derive]:
#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
struct SomeNum {
value: u32,
name: String,
}


This will expand to basically the same thing.

Context

Stack Overflow Q#29884402, score: 78

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