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Shortest path with odd weight

Submitted by: @import:stackexchange-cs··
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pathshortestwithweightodd

Problem

Let G be a directed graph with non-negative weights. We call a path between two vertices an "odd path" if its weight is odd.

We are looking for an algorithm for finding the weight of the shortest odd path between any two vertices in the graph.

If possible, describe one algorithm that is reduction-based (that is, make some modification to the graph so that application of Floyd-Warshall, or any other "known" algorithm, and then deciphering the answer will give the result, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduction_(complexity)) and one that is "direct" (that is, make some modification to Floyd-Warshall in order for it to solve this problem).

Solution

Homework? I start with hints. Integer values assumed.

Reduction. Make two copies of the vertices in the graph (odd and even) and rewire the graph such that each odd length edge of the graph is between the even and odd copies.

Direct. The algorithm keeps two values (for each pair of vertices): the length of the even length and odd length shortest paths. You can adapt Floyd if you realize that odd+odd = even (etc).

Context

StackExchange Computer Science Q#12154, answer score: 2

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