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Can 3-coloring be reduced to 3-clique?

Submitted by: @import:stackexchange-cs··
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cliquecancoloringreduced

Problem

I'm a slight disagreement with my professor over whether or not a certain reduction is possible. He asked us to reduce the problem of 3-Coloring to the problem of 3-Clique. The problem is that I'm fairly confident that 3-Coloring is NP-Complete, while 3-Clique is P. Correct me if I'm wrong (which is very likely), but for any k-clique where the k is fixed, is $V^k$, meaning the 3-clique is $V^3$, right? I asked my professor about this and his response was:

"3-clique is definitely not in P. You (apparently) have to examine all thrices of vertices to settle the matter."

And I still don't understand how this is not a $V^3$ operation.

If I figured out a way to reduce 3-coloring to 3-clique wouldn't I be millionaire?

Solution

You are correct.

3-clique can be solved in $O(n^3)$ time, whereas 3-coloring is NP-hard.

So there can be no "poly-time reduction" from 3-coloring to 3-clique, unless $P=NP$.

Context

StackExchange Computer Science Q#126063, answer score: 5

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