SQL ISO Standard for group concatenation

Is there an operator in the latest standard SQL:2011 (or earlier) that will handle group concatenation the likes of which we currently have to resort to these tricks for?

• GROUP_CONCAT in MySQL

• FOR XML in SQL Server

• LISTAGG in Oracle

• string_agg in PostgreSQL

Here's a recent question on this site for which various answers were given to different RDBMS.

Since this is a small question for the heavyweight site DBA.SE, please find two sub-parts to the question:

• Is there a publicly accessible draft of SQL:2011?

• Which part of the SQL standard (any revision) states that CONCAT NULL should YIELD NULL? I can't seem to track it down in the volume of text in the standard.

The wiscorp.com page SQL Standards has several older revisions and drafts of SQL:20nn (zip):

The 7IWD2-02-Foundation-2011-12.pdf, with a date of 2011-12-21 has at page 289:


If at least one of S1 and S2 is the null value, then the result of the `` is the null value.

StackExchange Database Administrators Q#28698, answer score: 4