Permissions in triggers when using cross database certificates

USE [master];
GO
IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM [sys].[databases] WHERE [name] = N'DatabaseA')
BEGIN
    PRINT 'Dropping [DatabaseA] DB...';
    ALTER DATABASE [DatabaseA] SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE;
    ALTER DATABASE [DatabaseA] SET ONLINE;
    DROP DATABASE [DatabaseA];
END;

IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM [sys].[databases] WHERE [name] = N'DatabaseB')
BEGIN
    PRINT 'Dropping [DatabaseB] DB...';
    ALTER DATABASE [DatabaseB] SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE;
    ALTER DATABASE [DatabaseB] SET ONLINE;
    DROP DATABASE [DatabaseB];
END;

IF (SUSER_ID(N'JohnnyLunchbucket') IS NOT NULL)
BEGIN
  PRINT 'Dropping [JohnnyLunchbucket] Login...';
  DROP LOGIN [JohnnyLunchbucket];
END;

IF (OBJECT_ID(N'tempdb..#CertInfo') IS NOT NULL)
BEGIN
  PRINT 'Dropping [#CertInfo] Temp Table...';
  DROP TABLE #CertInfo;
END;

USE [master];

EXECUTE AS LOGIN = N'sa';
PRINT 'Creating databases...';
CREATE DATABASE [DatabaseA] COLLATE Latin1_General_100_CI_AS_SC;
CREATE DATABASE [DatabaseB] COLLATE Latin1_General_100_CI_AS_SC;
REVERT;
GO

-- Default for both options should be OFF, but just to be sure:
ALTER DATABASE [DatabaseA] SET DB_CHAINING OFF;
ALTER DATABASE [DatabaseA] SET TRUSTWORTHY OFF;

ALTER DATABASE [DatabaseB] SET DB_CHAINING OFF;
ALTER DATABASE [DatabaseB] SET TRUSTWORTHY OFF;
GO

CREATE LOGIN [JohnnyLunchbucket] WITH PASSWORD = 'OhSoSecure;)';


USE [DatabaseA];

CREATE USER [JohnnyLunchbucket] FOR LOGIN [JohnnyLunchbucket];
GO

--DROP PROCEDURE dbo.InsertIntoTableWithoutTrigger;
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.InsertIntoTableWithoutTrigger
(
    @SomeValue NVARCHAR(50)
)
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON;

INSERT INTO [DatabaseB].[dbo].[TableWithoutTrigger] (SomeValue)
VALUES (@SomeValue);
GO

GRANT EXECUTE ON dbo.InsertIntoTableWithoutTrigger TO [JohnnyLunchbucket];
GO

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.InsertIntoTableWithTrigger
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON;

INSERT INTO [DatabaseB].[dbo].[TableWithTrigger] (SomeOtherValue)
VALUES (NEWID());
GO

GRANT EXECUTE ON dbo.InsertIntoTableWithTrigger TO [JohnnyLunchbucket];



CREATE CERTIFICATE [PermissionsCert]
  AUTHORIZATION [dbo]
  ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'WeakPassword'
  WITH SUBJECT = 'Used to test granting permissions to code',
  EXPIRY_DATE = '2099-12-31';

ADD SIGNATURE TO [dbo].[InsertIntoTableWithoutTrigger]
    BY CERTIFICATE [PermissionsCert]
    WITH PASSWORD = 'WeakPassword';

ADD SIGNATURE TO [dbo].[InsertIntoTableWithTrigger]
    BY CERTIFICATE [PermissionsCert]
    WITH PASSWORD = 'WeakPassword';

-- Save Certificate info in temporary table so we can recreate in DatabaseB
SELECT CERTENCODED(CERT_ID(N'PermissionsCert')) AS [PublicKey],
       CERTPRIVATEKEY(CERT_ID(N'PermissionsCert'), 'OtherPassword', 'WeakPassword')
              AS [PrivateKey]
INTO   #CertInfo;
GO

USE [DatabaseB];

DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(MAX);

SELECT @SQL = N'CREATE CERTIFICATE [PermissionsCert] AUTHORIZATION [dbo] FROM BINARY = '
               + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(MAX), [PublicKey], 1)
               + N' WITH PRIVATE KEY (BINARY = '
               + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(MAX), [PrivateKey], 1)
               + N', DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = N''OtherPassword'''
               + N', ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = ''WeakPassword'');'
FROM   #CertInfo;

PRINT @SQL;
EXEC (@SQL);

CREATE USER [PermissionsUser] FROM CERTIFICATE [PermissionsCert];

--DROP TABLE dbo.[TableWithoutTrigger];
CREATE TABLE dbo.[TableWithoutTrigger]
(
  [TableWithoutTriggerID] INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(1, 1)
     CONSTRAINT [PK_TableWithoutTrigger] PRIMARY KEY,
  [SomeValue] NVARCHAR(50)
);

GRANT INSERT ON [dbo].[TableWithoutTrigger] TO [PermissionsUser];


CREATE TABLE dbo.[TableWithTrigger]
(
  [TableWithTriggerID] INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(1, 1)
     CONSTRAINT [PK_TableWithTrigger] PRIMARY KEY,
  [SomeOtherValue] NVARCHAR(50)
);

GRANT INSERT ON [dbo].[TableWithTrigger] TO [PermissionsUser];


CREATE TABLE dbo.[Table

USE [DatabaseA];

EXECUTE AS LOGIN = 'JohnnyLunchbucket';
SELECT SESSION_USER AS [User], ORIGINAL_LOGIN() AS [OriginalLogin];
GO

SELECT * FROM [DatabaseB].[dbo].[TableWithoutTrigger];
SELECT * FROM [DatabaseB].[dbo].[TableWithTrigger];
SELECT * FROM [DatabaseB].[dbo].[TablePopulatedByTrigger];
INSERT INTO [DatabaseB].[dbo].[TableWithoutTrigger] ([SomeValue]) VALUES (N'test 0');
USE [DatabaseB];
/* -- All 5 statements above get the following error:
Msg 916, Level 14, State 1, Line xxxxxx
The server principal "JohnnyLunchbucket" is not able to access the database
    "DatabaseB" under the current security context.
*/


EXEC [dbo].[InsertIntoTableWithoutTrigger] @SomeValue = N'test A'; -- SUCCESS!!!

EXEC [dbo].[InsertIntoTableWithTrigger]; -- ERROR:
/*
Msg 916, Level 14, State 1, Procedure CopySomeOtherValue, Line xxxxxx
The server principal "JohnnyLunchbucket" is not able to access the database
    "DatabaseB" under the current security context.
*/

REVERT;
SELECT SESSION_USER AS [User], ORIGINAL_LOGIN() AS [OriginalLogin];

-- Check to make sure that dbo.InsertIntoTableWithoutTrigger really did work:
SELECT * FROM [DatabaseB].[dbo].[TableWithoutTrigger];
-- 1    test A

USE [DatabaseB];

ADD COUNTER SIGNATURE
    TO dbo.[CopySomeOtherValue]
    BY CERTIFICATE [PermissionsCert]
    WITH PASSWORD = 'WeakPassword';
GO


USE [DatabaseA];

EXECUTE AS LOGIN = 'JohnnyLunchbucket';
SELECT SESSION_USER AS [User], ORIGINAL_LOGIN() AS [OriginalLogin];
GO

INSERT INTO [DatabaseB].[dbo].[TableWithTrigger] ([SomeOtherValue]) VALUES (N'Test B');
INSERT INTO [DatabaseB].[dbo].[TablePopulatedByTrigger]([DuplicatedValue]) VALUES ('Test B')
/*
Msg 916, Level 14, State 1, Line xxxxxx
The server principal "JohnnyLunchbucket" is not able to access the database
    "DatabaseB" under the current security context.
*/


EXEC [dbo].[InsertIntoTableWithTrigger]; -- SUCCESS!!!

REVERT;
SELECT SESSION_USER AS [User], ORIGINAL_LOGIN() AS [OriginalLogin];

SELECT * FROM [DatabaseB].[dbo].[TableWithTrigger];
SELECT * FROM [DatabaseB].[dbo].[TablePopulatedByTrigger];
-- 2    968DB092-C3DE-4E4B-92B9-E21CA551A5FA
-- 1    968DB092-C3DE-4E4B-92B9-E21CA551A5FA