snippetbashTip

2to3 — Automated Python 2 to 3 code conversion. This module has been deprecated since 3.11 and has been rem

Submitted by: @import:tldr-pages·Mar 2, 2026·

Viewed 0 times

commandconversionpython2to3thisclicodeautomated

Problem

How to use the 2to3 command: Automated Python 2 to 3 code conversion. This module has been deprecated since 3.11 and has been removed since 3.13. For reference, see: <https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/8d42e2d915c3096e7eac1c649751d1da567bb7c3/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst?plain=1#L188>. More information: <https://manned.org/2to3>.

Solution

2to3 — Automated Python 2 to 3 code conversion. This module has been deprecated since 3.11 and has been removed since 3.13. For reference, see: <https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/8d42e2d915c3096e7eac1c649751d1da567bb7c3/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst?plain=1#L188>. More information: <https://manned.org/2to3>.

Display the changes that would be performed without performing them (dry-run):

2to3 {{path/to/file.py}}

Convert a Python 2 file to Python 3:

2to3 {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/file.py}}

Convert specific Python 2 language features to Python 3:

2to3 {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/file.py}} {{[-f|--fix]}} {{raw_input}} {{[-f|--fix]}} {{print}}

Convert all Python 2 language features except the specified ones to Python 3:

2to3 {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/file.py}} {{[-x|--nofix]}} {{has_key}} {{[-x|--nofix]}} {{isinstance}}

List all available language features that can be converted from Python 2 to Python 3:

2to3 {{[-l|--list-fixes]}}

Convert all Python 2 files in a directory to Python 3:

2to3 {{[-o|--output-dir]}} {{path/to/python3_directory}} {{[-W|--write-unchanged-files]}} {{[-n|--nobackups]}} {{path/to/python2_directory}}

Run 2to3 with multiple threads:

2to3 {{[-j|--processes]}} {{4}} {{[-o|--output-dir]}} {{path/to/python3_directory}} {{[-w|--write]}} {{[-n|--nobackups]}} --no-diffs {{path/to/python2_directory}}

Code Snippets

Display the changes that would be performed without performing them (dry-run)

2to3 {{path/to/file.py}}

Convert a Python 2 file to Python 3

2to3 {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/file.py}}

Convert specific Python 2 language features to Python 3

2to3 {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/file.py}} {{[-f|--fix]}} {{raw_input}} {{[-f|--fix]}} {{print}}

Convert all Python 2 language features except the specified ones to Python 3

2to3 {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/file.py}} {{[-x|--nofix]}} {{has_key}} {{[-x|--nofix]}} {{isinstance}}

List all available language features that can be converted from Python 2 to Python 3

2to3 {{[-l|--list-fixes]}}

Context

tldr-pages: common/2to3

Revisions (0)

No revisions yet.