Select where number range does not overlap

I have two tables that contain records about road construction activites:

• table_a is the master list.

• table_b is a legacy list.

For each road, in each year, I want to select the records from table_b that do not already exist in table_a.

Also, the records should not overlap spatially along the road. More specifically, the from_m and to_m of the records in table_b should not overlap the from_m and to_m in table_a.

How can I do this? I do not have Oracle Spatial.

The data in Excel (for easy viewing):

Here is what the data looks like in Excel:

The records in green should be selected by the query; the records in red should not.

The DDL:

Table A:

```
create table table_a
(
id number(4,0),
road_id number(4,0),
year number(4,0),
from_m number(4,0),
to_m number(4,0)
);

insert into table_a (id,road_id,year,from_m,to_m) values (1,1,2000,0,100);
insert into table_a (id,road_id,year,from_m,to_m) values (2,1,2005,0,25);
insert into table_a (id,road_id,year,from_m,to_m) values (3,1,2005,50,75);
insert into table_a (id,road_id,year,from_m,to_m) values (4,1,2005,75,100);
insert into table_a (id,road_id,year,from_m,to_m) values (5,1,2010,10,50);
insert into table_a (id,road_id,year,from_m,to_m) values (6,1,2010,50,90);
insert into table_a (id,road_id,year,from_m,to_m) values (7,1,2015,40,100);
insert into table_a (id,road_id,year,from_m,to_m) values (8,2,2020,0,40);
insert into table_a (id,road_id,year,from_m,to_m) values (9,2,2020,0,40);
insert into table_a (id,road_id,year,from_m,to_m) values (10,3,2025,90,150);
commit;

select * from table_a;

ID ROAD_ID YEAR FROM_M TO_M
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
1 1 2000 0 100
2 1 2005 0 25
3 1 2005 50 75
4 1 2005 75 100
5 1 2010 10

I think you want this, an anti-semijoin (also often called just "anti-join").

The "semi" because there is a join between a and b (in the subquery) but we only want and get rows from one table (b) in the result. The "anti" because we get rows from one table that do NOT have a related row in the other table.:

select b.*                             -- show everything
from table_b b                         -- from table b
where not exists                       -- when
      ( select 1                       -- there is nothing
        from table_a a                 -- in table a with
        where a.road_id = b.road_id    -- same road,
          and a.year = b.year          -- same year and
          and a.from_m < b.to_m        -- overlapping
          and b.from_m < a.to_m        -- (from, to)
      ) ;

Test at sqlfiddle.com.

StackExchange Database Administrators Q#214289, answer score: 3