MariaDB Query Optimizer ignores index

• MariaDB Version 10.5.15

• simple Table, two columns with an index

If I make a query on a table and use two columns in the where conndition that have an index, no index is used. Why?
CREATE TABLE logs (
log_id int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
date datetime DEFAULT NULL,
status int(10) DEFAULT 0,
text varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (log_id),
KEY status (status),
KEY date (date),
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

Where date

analyze select count(*)
from logs 
where `date` < "2022-01-01 00:00:00"

uses index => 1.4s

id
select_type
table
type
possible_keys
key
key_len
ref
rows
r_rows
filtered
r_filtered
Extra

1
SIMPLE
logs
range
date
date
6

5416235
7969250.00
100
100
Using where; Using index

Where status

analyze select count(*)
from logs 
where status = 860

uses index => ~0.9s

id
select_type
table
type
possible_keys
key
key_len
ref
rows
r_rows
filtered
r_filtered
Extra

1
SIMPLE
logs
ref
status
status
5
const
5416235
5536942.00
100
100
Using index

Where date AND status

analyze select count(*)
from logs 
where status = 860
and `date` < "2022-01-01 00:00:00"

uses no index => ~7s

id
select_type
table
type
possible_keys
key
key_len
ref
rows
r_rows
filtered
r_filtered
Extra

1
SIMPLE
logs
ALL
status,date

10832494
11430473.00
25
43.85
Using where

ALTER TABLE logs
    DROP INDEX(status)
    ADD INDEX(status, date)

The added "composite" index will help both

WHERE status = ...

and

WHERE status = ... AND date < ...

and also

WHERE date < ... AND status = ...

StackExchange Database Administrators Q#314065, answer score: 4